Can
Indica habilidades o posibilidad.
Ejemplos
I can speak english (Yo sé hablar inglés.)
The doctor can see you at 3.00 ( El doctor le puede visitar a las tres. )
Can you speak german? (¿Sabes hablar alemán? )
Sintaxis
afirmativa: sujeto + can + verbo
negativa: sujeto + can not / can't + verbo
pregunta: can + sujeto + verbo?
respuesta corta: Yes, sujeto + can / No, sujeto + can't
Could
Es el pasado de can. También se utiliza para preguntar por algo, pero más educadamente que con can.
Ejemplos
Could you speak Japonese before you went to Japan? (¿Sabías hablar japonés antes de que fuiste a Japón?)
Tony could swim when he was six. (Toni sabia nadar cuando tena seis años. )
Could you help me? (¿Podría ayudarme?)
Sintaxis
afirmativa: sujeto + could + verbo
negativa: sujeto + could not / couldn't + verbo
pregunta: could + sujeto + verbo?
respuesta corta: Yes, sujeto + could / No, sujeto + couldn't
May
Lo utilizamos para decir que algo es posible o muy probable. Lo usamos con el presente o futuro.
También se utiliza para preguntar por algo pero más educadamente que con el could.
Ejemplos
I may stay at home or I may go to a disco.(Puede que me quede en casa o puede que vaya a la discoteca)
May I use your dictionary? (¿Podría usar su diccionario?)
Sintaxis
afirmativa: sujeto + may + verbo
negativa: sujeto + may + not
pregunta: may + sujeto + verbo?
Might
Es el pasado de may. También se usa para expresar una eventualidad pero con ms probabilidad.
Ejemplos
Be careful. You might burn yourself. (Ten cuidado. Te podrías quemar.)
Sintaxis
afirmativa: sujeto + might + verbo
negativa: sujeto + might not / mightn't
Must
Se utiliza cuando pensamos o realizamos algo que es necesario o muy probable.
La forma negativa equivale a una prohibición.
Para hablar en pasado o futuro debemos usar el modal have to.
Ejemplos
I am really tired. I must go home now. (Estoy realmente cansado. Debo irme a casa ahora)
You must keep your room tidy. (Debes conservar tu habitacin ordenada.)
Sintaxis
afirmativa: sujeto + must + verbo
negativa: sujeto + must not / musn't + verbo
pregunta: must + sujeto + verbo?
respuesta corta: Yes, sujeto + must / No, sujeto + mustn't
Have to
Lo utilizamos para expresar que algo es necesario.
Para formular la pregunta y la negación debemos utilizar el auxiliar do.
El pasado es had to.
Ejemplos
You have to drive on the right in the USA.(Tienes que conducir por la derecha en los EEUU.)
I don't have to wear a uniform at school. (No tengo que llevar uniforme en la escuela.)
Did you have to work yesterday? (¿Tuviste que trabajar ayer?)
Sintaxis
afirmativa: sujeto + have to + verbo
negativa: sujeto + don't have to / do have to + verbo
pregunta: Do + sujeto + have to + verbo?
respuesta corta: Yes, sujeto + do does // No, sujeto + don't doesn't
Should
Se utiliza para dar consejo o una opinión.
Ejemplos
You should have a holiday. (Deberías tener vacaciones.)
You shouldn't work so hard (No deberías trabajar tanto.)
What do you think I should do? (¿Qué crees que debería hacer?)
Sintaxis
afirmativa: sujeto + should + verbo
negativa: sujeto + should not / shouldn't + verbo
pregunta: should + sujeto + verbo?
respuesta corta: Yes, sujeto + should / No, sujeto + shouldn't
Ought to
Significa deber, esperar que ocurra algo...
Ejemplos
I think I ought to tell him. (Creo que debo contárselo.)
She ought to pass the exam. (Seguramente aprobará el examen.)
Sintaxis
afirmativa: sujeto + ought + verbo
negativa: sujeto + ought not / oughtn't + verbo
pregunta: ought + sujeto + verbo?
respuesta corta: Yes, sujeto + ought / No, sujeto + oughtn't
Would / would like
Would se utiliza en general para las frases condicionales.
También lo usamos para predicciones, ofrecimientos y para preguntar por algo educadamente.
Ejemplos
I would like to go to London (Me gustaría ir a Londres)
Peter was working very hard. He would be tired tomorrow. (Peter estuvo trabajando duro. Estará cansado mañana.)
Would you like coffe? (¿Le gustaría tomar café?)
Sintaxis
afirmativa: sujeto + would + verbo
afirmativa corta: sujeto+ 'd + verbo
negativa: sujeto + would not / wouldn't+ verbo
pregunta: would + sujeto + verbo?
respuesta corta: Yes, sujeto + would / No, sujeto + wouldn't
Wednesday, September 30, 2009
Tuesday, September 29, 2009
Complete the sentences using the words listed in the box below. Positive and negatives can be used. (might, must, should)
1. Nancy said you didn't need to buy her anything for her birthday, but I
1. Nancy said you didn't need to buy her anything for her birthday, but I
really think you ______________ at least get her some flowers or a
nice bottle of wine.
2. Debbie said she was really busy this week, but I think she ________
show up at the party if she doesn't have to work overtime on Friday.
show up at the party if she doesn't have to work overtime on Friday.
3. Nina said she would come over right after work, so she __________
be here by 6:00.
be here by 6:00.
4. Oh my God, he's unconscious. Don't move him - he _____________
have internal injuries. Somebody call an ambulance.
have internal injuries. Somebody call an ambulance.
5. You ________________ be kidding! That can't be true.
6. Dan: Where's the remote control? I want to change the channel. Fiona: I don't know. It _______________ be under the couch. Or, perhaps I absent-mindedly took it into the kitchen. I'll check in there.
7. For most people, learning a language is a challenging undertaking. Experts agree that to make
the most of your language learning experience, you ______________ practice the language regularly and push yourself to maintain old vocabulary while acquiring new words and expressions.
8. New research suggests that exercise can reduce the chance of heart disease as well as cancer.
That's why I told my father that he _______________ start walking once a day.
9. Tim: While I was a student, I spent a year and a half studying Pygmy culture in the Central African Republic. My research focused on unique aspects of the their social structure and
religion. Simona: That ______________ have been absolutely fascinating!
10. We had better call Tony to see if he's at home before we go over to his house.
He ______________ be there and we don't want to drive all the way over there for nothing.
11. You _______________ worry so much. It doesn't do you any good. Either you get the job, or you don't. If you don't, just apply for another one. Eventually, you will find work.
12. I would love to go on the cruise to Tahiti with Robin and Michelle. But such a luxurious trip ______________ cost a fortune. I doubt I could afford something like that.
13. The book recommends adding fresh soil and using plant food to make your garden flowers grow. Since some people might be allergic to chemicals in artificial plant foods,
the book says that you _________ use an organic brand to avoid skin irritations.
RHYTHM AND RHYME: (5)
IF YOU LEAVE AT SIX
If you live at six
You’ll be there at eight
If you don’t leave now
You’ll be very late.
If you start work now.
You’ll be through at seven.
If you wait ‘till noon,
You’ll be busy ‘till eleven
If you catch the train
You’ll be home by ten
If you get there late,
You’ll miss dinner again.
RHYTHM AND RHYME: PARTY GUESTS
I’ll ask Bob if you ask Bill.
I’ll bring Tom if you bring Jill
I’ll call Susan if you call Tim
I’ll call Janet if you ask Jim.
If I ask Jim, I’ll have to ask Sue.
If you ask Sue, you’ll have to ask Lou.
If I ask Lou, he’ll want to bring Bella.
If you don’t ask Bella, you can’t ask Stella.
If I ask Jane, will I have to ask Phil?
You’ll have to ask Phil, and you’ll have to ask Bill
If you live at six
You’ll be there at eight
If you don’t leave now
You’ll be very late.
If you start work now.
You’ll be through at seven.
If you wait ‘till noon,
You’ll be busy ‘till eleven
If you catch the train
You’ll be home by ten
If you get there late,
You’ll miss dinner again.
RHYTHM AND RHYME: PARTY GUESTS
I’ll ask Bob if you ask Bill.
I’ll bring Tom if you bring Jill
I’ll call Susan if you call Tim
I’ll call Janet if you ask Jim.
If I ask Jim, I’ll have to ask Sue.
If you ask Sue, you’ll have to ask Lou.
If I ask Lou, he’ll want to bring Bella.
If you don’t ask Bella, you can’t ask Stella.
If I ask Jane, will I have to ask Phil?
You’ll have to ask Phil, and you’ll have to ask Bill
Conditional 1 If / When (4)
1. ____________I am late to work, my boss gets very angry.
That is why I am always on time.
2. ____________I leave work, I usually go to the fitness center to work out.
3. ____________ he eats, he tries to choose healthy foods.
4. His car is very reliable, and he rarely has any trouble with it.
But he has had a couple of difficulties in the past.
____________ his car breaks down or he has any problems, he calls the auto club.
5. His car is terrible! It always breaks down. _____________ his car breaks down or he has any problems, he calls the auto club.
6. Mary gets six weeks paid vacation a year. She loves to travel. ___________ she goes on vacation, she always goes somewhere exotic.
7. Diane works harder than anyone I know. I don't think she has taken a day off in three years. But she does really love to travel.
____________ she goes on vacation, she goes somewhere exotic.
8. He loves going to the movies. ____________he goes to the movies, he always gets a large popcorn with tons of butter.
9. She hates TV. She thinks television is a waste of time.
___________ she watches any television at all, it is usually a documentary or a news program.
10. My friend always keeps in touch by mail. ____________ I get a letter, I usually write back immediately.
That is why I am always on time.
2. ____________I leave work, I usually go to the fitness center to work out.
3. ____________ he eats, he tries to choose healthy foods.
4. His car is very reliable, and he rarely has any trouble with it.
But he has had a couple of difficulties in the past.
____________ his car breaks down or he has any problems, he calls the auto club.
5. His car is terrible! It always breaks down. _____________ his car breaks down or he has any problems, he calls the auto club.
6. Mary gets six weeks paid vacation a year. She loves to travel. ___________ she goes on vacation, she always goes somewhere exotic.
7. Diane works harder than anyone I know. I don't think she has taken a day off in three years. But she does really love to travel.
____________ she goes on vacation, she goes somewhere exotic.
8. He loves going to the movies. ____________he goes to the movies, he always gets a large popcorn with tons of butter.
9. She hates TV. She thinks television is a waste of time.
___________ she watches any television at all, it is usually a documentary or a news program.
10. My friend always keeps in touch by mail. ____________ I get a letter, I usually write back immediately.
Present Unreal Conditional (3)
e.g. a) Can Richard dance?
b) No, he can’t… but he wishes he could.
If he could dance, he’d go dancing every night.
1. A) Can Kelly sew?
No she can’t… but she wishes she could.
b) If she could sew, she’d make all her own clothes.
2. A) Can John and Zachary use the computer? (Be able to get a
better job)
No they can’t… _______________________________________
b) If they could _______________________________________
___________________________________________________
3. A) Can Ruby fined her keys? (Be able to get into her house)
No she can’t… __________________________________________
b) If she could __________________________________________
_________________________________________________
4. A) Can Lupita find her glasses? (Play with the “Age of Empires”)
No she can’t… _______________________________________
b) If she could __________________________________________
5. A) Can Russell fix his car by himself? (Save a lot of money.)
No he can’t… but he wishes he could.
b) If he could ___________________________________________
____________________________________________________
6. A) Can Shea type fast? (Be able to leave work on time)
No she can’t… _________________________________________
b) If she could ________________________________________
___________________________________________________
7. A) Can Todd and Abigail play a musical instrument? (Be able to
march In the school parade)
No they can’t… _________________________________________
b) If they could _________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
8. A) Can Catalina stop thinking about tomorrow’s English test?
(Get a good night’s sleep)
No she can’t… _________________________________________
b) If she could _________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
b) No, he can’t… but he wishes he could.
If he could dance, he’d go dancing every night.
1. A) Can Kelly sew?
No she can’t… but she wishes she could.
b) If she could sew, she’d make all her own clothes.
2. A) Can John and Zachary use the computer? (Be able to get a
better job)
No they can’t… _______________________________________
b) If they could _______________________________________
___________________________________________________
3. A) Can Ruby fined her keys? (Be able to get into her house)
No she can’t… __________________________________________
b) If she could __________________________________________
_________________________________________________
4. A) Can Lupita find her glasses? (Play with the “Age of Empires”)
No she can’t… _______________________________________
b) If she could __________________________________________
5. A) Can Russell fix his car by himself? (Save a lot of money.)
No he can’t… but he wishes he could.
b) If he could ___________________________________________
____________________________________________________
6. A) Can Shea type fast? (Be able to leave work on time)
No she can’t… _________________________________________
b) If she could ________________________________________
___________________________________________________
7. A) Can Todd and Abigail play a musical instrument? (Be able to
march In the school parade)
No they can’t… _________________________________________
b) If they could _________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
8. A) Can Catalina stop thinking about tomorrow’s English test?
(Get a good night’s sleep)
No she can’t… _________________________________________
b) If she could _________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Monday, September 28, 2009
First Conditional (2)
IF + PRESENT SIMPLE , WILL + INFINITIVE
WILL + INFINITIVE + IF + PRESENT SIMPLE
Fill the gap using the verb in brackets. Three gaps need a NEGATIVE verb and watch out for the third person S...!
1. If Clare ___________________ late again, the hockey trainer will be furious. (to arrive)
2. You'll be sorry if you ___________________ for your exams. (to revise)
3. We ___________________ if the weather's good. (to go)
4. They ___________________ you if you wear a wig and dark glasses. (to recognise)
5. If the bus ___________________ on time, I won't miss the football. (to be)
6. If you ___________________ your homework now, you'll be free all tomorrow. (to do)
7. We___________________ out if there's no food at home. (to eat)
8. You'll find life much easier if you ___________________ more often. (to smile)
9. If it's hot, we___________________ for a swim. (to go)
10. You'll do it better if you ___________________ more time over it. (to take)
11. If she ___________________ practising, she'll get better. (to keep)
12. Mum will be very sad if Jim ___________________ Mother's Day again. (to forget)
13. I___________________ so happy if I pass the exam. (to be)
14. You'll be really tired tomorrow if you ___________________ to bed soon. (to go)
15. The government ___________________ the next election if they continue to ignore public opinion. (to lose)
16. If Valencia FC win the Spanish football league, I___________________ my hair blue. (to dye)
17. If someone ___________________ you a bike, you can come with us. (to lend)
WILL + INFINITIVE + IF + PRESENT SIMPLE
Fill the gap using the verb in brackets. Three gaps need a NEGATIVE verb and watch out for the third person S...!
1. If Clare ___________________ late again, the hockey trainer will be furious. (to arrive)
2. You'll be sorry if you ___________________ for your exams. (to revise)
3. We ___________________ if the weather's good. (to go)
4. They ___________________ you if you wear a wig and dark glasses. (to recognise)
5. If the bus ___________________ on time, I won't miss the football. (to be)
6. If you ___________________ your homework now, you'll be free all tomorrow. (to do)
7. We___________________ out if there's no food at home. (to eat)
8. You'll find life much easier if you ___________________ more often. (to smile)
9. If it's hot, we___________________ for a swim. (to go)
10. You'll do it better if you ___________________ more time over it. (to take)
11. If she ___________________ practising, she'll get better. (to keep)
12. Mum will be very sad if Jim ___________________ Mother's Day again. (to forget)
13. I___________________ so happy if I pass the exam. (to be)
14. You'll be really tired tomorrow if you ___________________ to bed soon. (to go)
15. The government ___________________ the next election if they continue to ignore public opinion. (to lose)
16. If Valencia FC win the Spanish football league, I___________________ my hair blue. (to dye)
17. If someone ___________________ you a bike, you can come with us. (to lend)
First Conditional
Put the correct form of each verb in brackets into the box.
1. If you __________ (not study), you __________ (fail) the test.
2. We __________ (die) if we __________(not get) help soon!
3. If you _________ (look) in the fridge, you _________ (find) some cold drinks.
4. If there __________ (be) no oil in the engine, the car __________ (break) down.
5. I __________ (lend) you my umbrella if you ___________ (need) it.
6. The sea level ____________ (rise) if the planet ____________ (get) hotter.
7. If you ____________ (eat) your sandwiches now, you ___________ (have) anything for lunch!
8. You ___________ (be) safe in an accident if you ____________ (wear) your seatbelt.
9. If he ___________ (save) all his money, he ___________ (be able to go) on holiday to Canada.
10. I ___________ (not come) with you if you ____________ (not bring) John!
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
